The Importance Of Childhood Experiences Of Children And...

This essay discusses Importance of childhood experience to later life emotional, social and cognitive development into adulthood in the Uk, using the attachment and behaviorism theory to examine childhood experiences, as it forms parts of child’s development. I will be looking into the factors affecting social, emotional and cognitive development of children, strategies to improving service delivery of early intervention in children and the Social and economic benefits of early intervention. Attachment theory is a concept in developmental psychology which according to Bowlby, (1969) is â€Å"a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space†. The ability for an individual to form an emotional and physical attachment to another person gives a sense of stability and security necessary to take risks, branch out, and grow and develop as a personality. Bowlby believed that attachment process were important across the entire lifespan â€Å"from the cradle to the grave† in an oft-quoted phrase basically early attachment and the internal working model (IWMs) of attachment developed early on. Ainsworth et al (1978) came up with three attachment types to support Bowlby and they are; secure, insecure/avoidant and insecure/resistant. They argued that the attachment type developed by children depends on the quality of care they have previously received. Main, M. and Solomon, J(1986) founded a fourth attachment type calledShow MoreRelatedShould the Government Fund Public Preschools?1739 Words   |  7 Pagescountry of ours, education is not a privilege it is a right. All children are given the opportunity to a free education. An education that should allow them to become high school graduates, 21st Century scholars, and prepare them as leaders to sustain this nation. What happens though when this is not the future for all children? The problem at hand is not all children are receiving the same educational opportunities. Not all children graduate from high school and not all lead successful careers asRead MoreChildren s Academic And Social Competencies1549 Words   |  7 Pa gescommunities, and the economic future of the United States is reinforced. Surprisingly, one in four children in the United States living in low-income households enters kindergarten not equipped to learn and, as a result, fall behind from the start. â€Å"Children s academic and social competencies at kindergarten entry are important predictors of success throughout school; children who enter school not ready to learn struggle with academic difficulties and [can] manifest social and behavior problemsRead MoreHuman History Literacy Rates Have Continued Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesrates have continued to hike. Children now attend school than at any other point in history. Although nations have made immense progress, many are still far from reaching the universal goals of education. The importance of early education cannot be emphasized enough. As famous scholars had noted in human history, education is the precondition for success and unconstrained prospects. Educated citizens are the foundation for a nation’s sustainable economic and social development (Park 23). AccordingRead MoreThe Effects Of Early Childhood Education On The Development Of Necessary Social And Cognitive Skills2999 Words   |  12 Pagesinformation on the impact of early childhood education on the development of necessary social and cognitive skills. The research literature has consistently maintained that children previously enrolled in early childhood education programs generally tend to be more advantaged when beginning formal schooling than children who receive traditional or non-traditional parental care. While many studies have discovered the positive effects of early childhood education interventions, there are many importantRead MoreParental Involvement Plan at a Childcare Centre1134 Words   |  4 PagesOverview We are a Child Care Center with a majority population of 1-2 year olds who have special needs and receive early intervention protocols. Due to the economic c limate of the area, many of the childrens parents work two jobs and have a great deal of difficulty in participating in the centers activities. Whenever there is an event, for instance, parental involvement is quite low, and far lower than desired. The center has tried to increase parental involvement by sending home notices or callingRead MoreEffects Of Early Intervention Programs On School Readiness2007 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effects of Early Intervention Programs on School Readiness Elizabeth Collins A Research Project Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master in Urban Education Union University March, 2016  Students should be socially and academically ready prior to kindergarten entry, however students from low socioeconomic backgrounds enter kindergarten lacking the necessary academic and social skills. These foundational academic and social skills are needed for studentsRead MoreAdvantages Of Universal Primary Education1280 Words   |  6 Pageslucky I was just washing cars. There are other children in much more dangerous trades, where one mistake could mean tattered limbs, said Veeru. He had suffered many hardships since he was at the tender age of eight. Life on the streets of India had forced him to endure situations most adults are yet to experience. Veeru never had the opportunity to go to school as his poor parents could not afford to take him. Fortunately for Veeru, Save the Childhood Movement, an NGO founded by educator and NobelRead MoreHealth Promotion Is A Process Of Empowerment3669 Words   |  15 Pagesround the importance of utilising health promotion to reduce health inequalities. Health promotion is a process of empowerment which enables communities and individuals to strengthen control over the determinants of health in order to achieve their fullest potential. (WHO 2008) 1The rationale for health promotion derives from the opportunity to prevent ill health and reduce inequalities through the promotion of health and healthy living. It incorporates a broad range of interventions, measures,Read MoreEssay on Early Intervention in Childrens Services2223 Words   |  9 Pagesemphasis on Early Intervention in childrens services. What are the implications of this for different types of services for children, young people and families? This essay will begin by explaining what social policy is, briefly identifying the history behind it. In order to demonstrate why there is a policy emphasis on Early Intervention, there will be a focus on the underpinning values and assumptions of the different political parties, whilst analysing factors that influence social policy suchRead Moreresearch on clinical psych6780 Words   |  28 PagesAuthor of ‘Why Love Matters’ and ‘The Selfish Society’ SUMMARY Why babyhood rather than childhood? The case that I want to make is that babyhood is much more important to our lives than many people realise. A lot of the behaviour that worries us in later childhood, such as aggression, hyperactivity, obesity, depression and poor school performance, has already been shaped by children’s experiences in babyhood. For those of you who have not studied the scientific literature, this might seem

Contribution Of An Ethnographic Research On Friendship

Throughout this essay I will be evaluating the contribution of an ethnographic approach to research on friendship. I will be looking at, and including evidence to support both sides of the argument as to whether or not this research method is in fact useful when it comes to gaining knowledge about friendship. As well as evaluating this method, I will compare it against others to reflect on the strengths, weaknesses and the typical data collected. I will look at some of the questions about friendship that have been addressed, and then whether this is the best method or if there are others that could have been more suitable. Ethnography is a qualitative method of research in which the researcher takes part in the activities of a group such that they are able to complete their observations over a period of time in a natural, real-life environment. When it comes to investigating friendship, one question that has been raised is ‘what is the role of friendship in the life of a 13 year old?’’. Several sources of data include ethnographic notes taken whilst spending time with a group of friends during school lunch breaks and diary/blog entries etc. Firstly, in this case the researcher would need to carefully consider the strengths and weaknesses of each type of data, for example, when looking at a blog the information/data available is likely to be information that the author wants to share with a wider audience whereas a diary entry is more private. In this case, both documentsShow MoreRelatedFriendships1385 Words   |  6 PagesBigelow and La Gaipa (1975) observed children’s friendships by asking a number of children to write an essay about their best friend using the approach called â€Å"content analysis†. William Corsaro however dictates that in order to study children you must study them in the context of their own peer culture, he used the â€Å"ethnographic approach†. In this essay I shall attempt to compare and contrast the approach used by Bigelow and La Gaipa (1975) and that taken by William Corsaro (2006). In the earlyRead MoreDse141 Tma02 Essays1330 Words   |  6 Pagesboth made important contributions into understanding how children interpret â€Å"friendship†. Bigelow and La Gaipa carried out one of the first studies from what was a very under researched area. Bill Corsaro, a key figure in childhood studies, was particularly successful in gaining access into young childrens worlds which has helped shape a further picture of this somewhat intriguing definition. Brace and Byford (2012) One similarity is that they both aimed to study friendships in children and toRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Approach to Studying Children’s Friendships Taken in the Bigelow and La Gaipa (1974) Study with That Taken by William Corsaro.1406 Words   |  6 Pageschildren’s friendships taken in the Bigelow and La Gaipa (1974) study with that taken by William Corsaro. Friendship means different things to different people in different cultures. Friendship is also different from other kinds of relationship such as love, family and professional. The influential power on people’s behaviour, style, ideas and life is dominant and remarkable and therefore worthwhile for scientific investigation. This essay will compare and contrast the academic research of threeRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Approach to Studying Childrens Friendships Taken in the Bigelow and La Gaipa (1974) Study with That Taken by William Corsaro.1392 Words   |  6 PagesTITLE Compare and contrast the approach to studying children’s friendships taken in the Bigelow and La Gaipa (1974) study with that taken by William Corsaro. Friendship means different things to different people in different cultures. Friendship is also different from other kinds of relationship such as love, family and professional. The influential power on people’s behaviour, style, ideas and life is dominant and remarkable and therefore worthwhile for scientific investigationRead MoreRelational Models Theory : Relational Model Theory Essay2164 Words   |  9 Pagessociety and social relations and integrates culture, political and social structures, religion, ideologies and norms, psychological disorders, communications, emotion, cognition, child development, neurobiology, and natural selection. Comparative and ethnographic cultural studies support the theory of RMT as well as experiments by psychologists that use several methods. 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The role of an ethnographer has been explained as, â€Å"one who uses both a qualitative research process or method and product, whose aim is cultural interpretation†(Brian A. Hoey). In understanding the mission of an ethnographer I have been able to focus on the three mainstages of human life in order to get an accurate depiction of the idealRead MoreCaptain James Cook5629 Words   |  23 Pagesworldwide have been dedicated to him. Contents [hide] 1 Early life and family 2 Start of Royal Navy career 3 Voyages of exploration 3.1 First voyage (1768–71) 3.2 Interlude 3.3 Second voyage (1772–75) 3.4 Third voyage (1776–79) 3.5 Death 4 Legacy 4.1 Ethnographic Collections 4.2 Navigation and science 4.3 Memorials 5 See also 6 References 6.1 Footnotes 6.2 Notes 6.3 Bibliography 7 Further reading 8 External links 8.1 Biographical dictionaries 8.2 Journals 8.3 Collections and museums [edit]Early life andRead MoreLeadership, Conflict, And Problem Solving7381 Words   |  30 Pagesdeveloping competence, assigning critical tasks, and offering visible support, set the example by behaving in ways that are consistent with shared values, achieve small wins that promote consistent progress and build commitment, recognize individual contributions to the success of every project, celebrate team accomplishments regularly† (Schafer, 2005, p.232). 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Case Analysis for Oil Spills free essay sample

One day, Jesse started telling Peter a story of a mysterious loss in one of the raw petrochemicals he receives by pipeline in the 1950s. Since there was no surface or groundwater pollution off the plant property, the plant manager decided to do nothing and not report the states. Tests showed that there is zero concentration of gasoline in the groundwater within 400ft of the surface. Peter recognizes that the state law requires him to report all spills but doesn’t know about spills that happened a long time ago. He tried to convince Jesse that he has to report such a loss. The surface water and 400 feet deep into the groundwater there was zero gasoline concentration. The state law acquires reporting all spills, however the plant manager decided to do nothing. Peter and Jesse agree on the facts but disagree about their relative importance. They have contradicting opinions about the issue. Jesse noted the drawbacks of reporting such a problem to the states and Peter didn’t have good reasons to convince Jesse. Some concepts involved through the issue are risk, confidentiality, environmental health, conflict of interest, and loyalty. First, the company and peters career will be in risk if he reported the oil spill to the state. Second, the engineering law requires confidentiality therefore it is irrelevant that peter report such an issue that is confidential in the company. Third, the tests were only taken 400 feet from the surface of the groundwater, however maybe there is contamination deeper or other marine life were affected. Four, most important concept is the conflict of interest since Peter had to either obey the engineering law that requires confidentiality and neglect his morals or obey the state law and lose his friendship and career. Five, Jesse trusted Peter to keep this mysterious spill between them; he should be loyal to him since they have a trusting relationship. Additionally, Jesse noted that he cannot have a consulting engineer who doesn’t value client loyalty. On the other hand, there are some unknown facts in the issue. According to state law all spills must be reported but what about spills that occurred years ago? Where the effects of spill seem to have dissipated? Is there any gasoline concentration beyond the 400 feet of gasoline? Is the marine life affected by the spill? Will the gasoline contaminate the ground water years later? Who is responsible to take an action for the spill at that time? It seems that there are more unknown facts than facts issued in the case. Although they are high in importance, the fact that this oil spill occurred a long time ago (1950s) might reduce its importance. From the case it is obvious that Jesse didn’t give Peter the chance to explain his situation which is a wrong action. Moreover, Jesse rushed in showing his disappointment in Peter. - So What? Impact In this case the affected parties are company, Peter, and Jesse. Each of them has different consequences that might have a negative effect on them. If the oil spill has been reported, the company will be in bad situation against the government and it has to re-open the file to make a re-check over that region which means spending useless dollars, a lot of time and Suspension of work of the planet for a while till the checking is done. Peter will do what his job requires him to do; however, he will put his job in the company, his career life and his promotion in risk. Jesse’s job will be in risk too since a leak of a confidential information has been through him and the relation between Jesse and Peter will no longer stay based on trust neither loyalty and arise enmity between them. If the spill has not been reported, no one will be affected and the case will be closed as before. Jesse and the company will be satisfied and Peter might get a faster promotion; however, peter will feel guilty because of his personal integrity that tells his to report the spill and follow the codes he is supposed to follow under stresses and loads of his role. Based on Code of ethics: AIChE code (for chemical engineering): * â€Å"Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public in performance of their professional duties. † This code states that safety comes as priority which requires a spill report to ensure the safety and health of the public that the spill does not affect the underground water or a marine life there. * â€Å"Accept responsibility for their actions and recognize the contributions of others; seek critical review of their work and offer objective criticism of the work of others. This code requires the company to accept the re-check because it has to take responsibility for their action of not reporting the spill in 1950’s. The company would saved a lot if this spill was reported before and this case will not be shown in first place. * Act in professional matters for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees, and avoid conflicts of interest. This case shows an obvious conflict of int erest between whither Peter to report the spill or act as if he didn’t know about it because of the relation between him and Jesse. On the other hand, by reporting the spill, the code involves confidentiality and the information that Peter got is very confidential to the company. So what to do? Report the spill or not? This is the question! - Now What? – reaction What are the possible solution for this case ? a- Peter reports the spill directly to the government because the state law requires him to report all spills. In this case Peter is taking a risk because he doesn’t know if the government will take an action or just review the previous check reports and consider it as a past. Moreover, his career life will be in danger and he will lose his job. b- Peter doesn’t report the spill, act as if the story hasn’t been told because of codes of ethics that requires confidentiality, continue his career life in the company and get the promotion. In addition, his relation with Jesse will stay strong and this might lead him to better position in the company. c- Peter might discus this situation with the company and request for a check as a regular check for that region to ensure that the chemical level in the underground water is zero for more than 400 feet. The result will determine what the company should do. If the level is zero the company will be in the safe side but if it’s not Peter should discuss the next step with the company itself rather than reported directly. Solution C is the best solution because it doesn’t affect any parties in a bad way and it satisfies win-win solution since this solution is the best for all. Peter will keep his job, relation with Jesse and the promotion. Jesse will keep his job also and the company will not be in risk.

Tattoos from tribal to fashion Research Paper Example

Tattoos from tribal to fashion Paper Because ornate clothing was only allowed to be worn by royalty, the middle class adorned themselves with ornate body tattoos instead. It was in 1691 that tattooing remerged in Western Europe in civilized society. Sailor and explorer William Dampier brought to London the heavily tattooed Polynesian Prince Giolo, known as the Painted Prince. He was placed on exhibition and caused great amazement. This was a certain money maker for William Dampier, as there had been an absence of tattoos in the West for six centuries. However, it would be another one hundred years before tattooing would really make its mark on the West. We will write a custom essay sample on Tattoos from tribal to fashion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tattoos from tribal to fashion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tattoos from tribal to fashion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the late 1700s the famous explorer Captain Cook made several trips to the South Pacific. London society revelled in his stories and embraced both the art and artefacts he brought back to the West. On his return from his second trip, Cook brought back one artefact, which would yet again make a sensation in London, a heavily tattooed Polynesian male called Omani. Soon after, members of the higher society were demanding and getting smaller discreetly placed tattoos of their own. The great Omani was seen as a noble savage, and though his tour was clearly a more refined version , he was regarded a sideshow exhibit . Already the tattoo was starting to become a Fad or fashion accessories. In early America tattooing was still in the elitist stage and although we see the tattoo most often displayed by the native Americans, it is well known that tattooing was also practiced by royalty, with many of the elites of European moving to America in search of fortunes. It often amazes people when they hear that people such as, King George V, King Oscar of Sweden, Sir Winston Churchills mother, Grand Duke Alexis of Russia and even King Harold were tattooed. While this portion of society is small their influences have prevailed in establishing mainstream ideology. Tattoo, was at one time, a very expensive and unavailable form of art to mainstream society, which reinforced the attraction to those who regarded themselves amongst the elite. In 1891 the art form was once again transformed with the invention of the first electric tattooing machine by Samuel ORiley. His invention made tattooing readily available and reasonably priced for everyone, which meant that the average person could now get a tattoo. Because of this the elitist turned away from this art form and tattooing became a fashion accessory of the masses. This transformation from elitist art to common art, lead tattooing to be associated with the lower classes of society. The troubled people or those who travelled with the circus often displayed tattoos and were associated extravagant facial designs, full body suits and sometimes freakish patterns, which transformed the meaning of this art once again. By the turn of the 20th century the cultural view of tattooing had changed, it was now seen more as a sleazier art form for the poorer classes of society and gradually went underground. Few tattooists were accepted into street society and no longer where they regarded as artists. Once again, opinions changed about tattooing and gradually it became more acceptable, especially during the second world war when the tattoo became part of the signature of the military personal. The pledge to stay with your outfit couldnt be displayed better than a piece of art work that would never fade. This type of fraternity between sailors and other military personal grew in popularity. Today this type of pledge tattoo can be seen among college students who pledge loyalty to their fraternities, or street gang members showing their loyalty to the gang. Many pledge tattoos are common among many different types of crowds. However, the booming impact became apparent throughout the 1940s and 1950s when once again tattooing came back to mainstream society. Many men displayed them proudly, later telling their children about the wars they had fought and the friends they had lost, all based upon a single tattoo marking a dramatic time in their lives. Time marking types of tattoo are now common, if you ask someone today why they have a certain tattoo, you may hear a story of how that tattoo marked a certain time frame in their personal life. The most common tattoo displayed by military personal is that of lady luck, their unit, military division, and the American eagle . Tattoo shops were generally located near barracks and docks so they could tattoo the incoming military personal. The tattoo shops soon discovered these locations also brought them closure to the criminal element of society and soon many of the tattooed were criminals. After the second world war the tattoo was once again seen as the mark of the deviants within society. Rebellious boys and girls resorted to the tattoo, based on the notion that to have a tattoo was to outside mainstream society. This marked them in a way that displayed their ideology of not wanting to take part in mainstream social order. Soon the military personal that fought for his or her country, who previously displayed with pride their tattoos, began to cover them with shame. Tattooing once again fell from grace. The movement throughout society to regard tattoo as something deviant, and/or savage, was mainly because of mainstream ideology. The culture surrounding the art form had never felt that tattoos were a deviant practice, even though many tattooists often spoke of physically fighting with customers. However the art world did go through transformations and the people related to the art were soon associated with deviants. The best known groups of the time being bikers, who received tattoos to pledge their fraternities within their particular group. Most often displaying their colours or slogans of the group, these bikers fought amongst themselves and caused mayhem where ever they went, often ending up jail, once again giving the impression that tattooing followed the deviant. Through the transformation from elitist to freak, and now to deviant/savage, the art of tattooing signified who not to be associated with. Such association with the tattoo, would once again alienate the wearer from society. As if the name of tattoo wasnt already mud in society, in 1961 there was an out break of hepatitis and tattooing was sent reeling on its heels. Though most tattoo shops had sterilization machines, few actually used them. Newspapers reported stories of blood poisoning, hepatitis and other diseases. The general population held tattoo parlours in disrepute, and even todays tattoo parlours are still suffering the consequences of the past reputation. A health code violation went into effect therefore leading to many tattoo parlours shutting down. The hippies of the 60s created many new aspects of how tattooing was viewed and valued by the mainstream society. However, towards the end of the 1960s attitudes towards tattooing changed, much of the credit goes to Lyle Tuttle. He was a charming, interesting man who knew how to use the media to own advantage. His clientele included celebrities and in particular beautiful women and was approached by magazines and television seeking out information about this ancient art form. The transformation of the art had never been so swift. The growth of acceptance has grown more over the last 10 years than any other time in history. We have seen this by the advertisers use of tattoos, to the MTV crowd of the 80s, treading their way into the business offices of the world. All classes of people seek the best tattoo artists. This rise in popularity has placed tattooists in the category of fine artists. The tattooist has garnered a respect not seen for over 100 years. Today the artwork varies between the older designs, to work done by loved ones, to even abstract pieces. The artwork has been shown in galleries around the world and the prices for them have skyrocketed. Many people today have even committed to neck and arm tattoo, although social acceptance hasnt transformed to this extent, it is believed that it soon will. If you take a look inside of your local tattoo studio you will see the difference of what it was yesterday, and what is today. Many of the transformations of the art of tattoo have been based around social values, social change and those in power defining mainstream values. This has led tattoo down many roads and we will just have to wait to see where the next bend will be. From my findings I have been able to come to the conclusion that tattoos have indeed moved from being a tribal art form too a more socially accepted admired fashionable art form. This has happened in a totally natural form of evolution. Through the many centuries of tattoo history, it has been the change into a multi cultural world along with a change with our general cultural views that has helped change the art form. As our ancestors began to accept the art form they also changed its meanings. Although sometimes still showing the station in life of the wearer, the tattoo was very much just another fashion. This was the distinction up to the 1890s but when tattoos became readily available this saw the biggest change occur, now everyone could get a tattoo, it wasnt about station in life anymore but fashion, this is still the case today people of all walks of life from dustbin men to doctors, men and women alike get tattoos, now making it an accepted art form in its own right. Art that can be found displayed in galleries, museums and magazines. Although I feel that the tattoo has lost its original meanings, I do acknowledge the fact that in some cases the tattoo could be viewed still as tribal, what I mean by this is there are still groups in the world such as the Hells Angles and other gangs who have tattoos of a tribal nature and in fact you could argue that everyone that has a tattoo is a member of the tattoo tribe. Bibliography Steven G. Gilbert. Tattoo History Source Book Amy Krakow. Total Tattoo Book Clinton R. Sanders. Customizing the Body: The Art and Culture of Tattooing Thanks to.